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Sauces and condiments from Babylonia and its surroundings
Babylonian kutach was a sharp, salty dip of whey, salt and crumbs of bread that had leavened until nearly spoiled and gone mouldy. It is known from rabbinic law texts, so the steps here are a reconstruction from its listed ingredients, with no amounts or times.
| Whey | Maimonides' translator glosses it as sour milk[talmud][maimonides] |
| Salt | [talmud] |
| Crumbs of leavened dough or bread, nearly spoiled and mouldy | [talmud] |
What changes: Leavened bread crumbs are left until they are nearly spoiled and mouldy
Reconstruction. The Talmud says the crumbs came from dough leavened until it was nearly spoiled, and blames the mould in the bread for weakening the body. Output: nearly spoiled, mouldy crumbs.
Microbes at work in this step
Not documented for this step.
Measured measured in a studySet fixed by a specification or tested recipeReported one source reports itTypical a general value, not sourced for this fermentUnconfirmed not yet checked against a source
Babylonian kutach was a sharp, salty dip of whey, salt and crumbs of bread that had leavened until nearly spoiled and gone mouldy. It is known from rabbinic law texts, so the steps here are a reconstruction from its listed ingredients, with no amounts or times.
Kutach mixes whey with mouldy leavened bread, so rabbinic law treats it as both a dairy food and chametz, the leavened grain that may not be kept over Passover.
The only safety statement is rabbinic. Pesachim 42a says kutach blocks the heart because of the whey, blinds the eyes because of the salt, which the Steinsaltz edition notes can be dangerous in the eyes, and weakens the body because of the mould in the bread. These are ancient health claims, not tested ones. Do not remake this with mouldy bread. Germany's Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR) says mouldy food, bread included, should be thrown out and not eaten, because moulds can form mycotoxins that harm health even in small amounts.
Every number is labelled with how it is known. How this atlas is made
Mishnah Pesachim 3:1 lists Babylonian kutach among foods containing leaven that may not be kept on Passover. Talmud Pesachim 42a says it blocks the heart because of the whey, blinds the eyes because of the salt and weakens the body because of the mould in the bread. Maimonides counts it among mixtures containing chametz (Leavened and Unleavened Bread 1:6) and rules on a slaughtered fowl that falls into kutach that contains milk (Forbidden Foods 9:19).
