True redaction removes the text and images from the file — not a black box on top. Plus real in-place text editing, fill + sign, reorder pages, and OCR.
LaunchEdit text in place, sign, redact, fill forms, and reorganize PDF files in your browser — all on your device. No upload, no subscription.
Drop two versions of a contract or drawing set. Moved notes read as moves, changed values light up digit by digit, and hidden text is named.
LaunchSide-by-side or overlay PDF diff driven by one engine that reads each file into a structured model — text, vector geometry, images, form fields, annotations — and compares the models. Moves show as moves, edits show only where they happened, and any PDF type works without picking a mode.
Drop a Gerber ZIP, an ODB++ .tgz or an IPC-2581 .xml and inspect every layer — compare revisions, snap-to-pad measure, run DRC and preview the board in 3D.
LaunchOpen Gerber, Excellon, ODB++ and IPC-2581 PCB files. Inspect layers, measure traces, run DRC, export to PNG / SVG / DXF.
Open a .step / .stp part and it measures itself: volume, thinnest wall, draft and undercuts on load, and a hole list with a BOM in one click. Measure, section, export STL.
LaunchOpen a STEP / STP part and it measures itself — volume, thinnest wall, draft and undercut checks on load, plus hole detection with a BOM. Measure, section, export STL. Rust + WASM B-rep kernel, runs in your browser.
Compress, merge, split, convert, and manipulate PDF files.
Resize, compress, convert, and transform images.
Convert, compress, and cut audio and video — MP3, WAV, MP4, WebM, Opus — all in your browser, nothing uploads.
Simulate a canning process down to its F0 sterilizing value.
Encrypt files, share encrypted notes as links, and read passport IDs and Windows event logs.
Analyze packet captures, move files between devices, and console into network gear — nothing uploads.
Scan receipts into an expense ledger — your receipts and spending stay on your device.
View, measure, and repair CAD and 3D files — STEP, STL, OBJ, PLY, GLB, 3MF, DXF, and Gerber — right in your browser. Nothing uploads.
Alcoholic drinks from West Bengal
Handia is a mild rice beer of the tribal communities of eastern India. Boiled rice is dried on a mat, mixed with a herbal starter tablet (ranu or bakhar) and left untouched in a large earthen pot for 3 to 4 days, and the liquid is then sieved off. Lactic acid bacteria and yeasts dominate it, and the drink is low in alcohol, about 0.8–1.4 % in samples sold in Baripada, Odisha.
| Rice1 kg | Mechanically de-husked, soaked and boiled in water, then dried on a bamboo mat. In West Bengal the rice is parboiled[panda2014][ghosh2021] |
| Ranu (bakhar) tablets, powdered8–10 tablets per kg of rice | Half plant parts and half rice powder; the roots, bark, flowers, fruit, shoots and leaves of about 20 plant species were recorded in Mayurbhanj. A West Bengal tablet is a ball of about 10 g dry weight made without any old ferment[panda2014][ghosh2021] |
| WaterAs required | Added to the rice and starter in the earthen pot; about 10 L of handia come from 1 kg of rice and 8–10 tablets[panda2014] |
| Starter | ranu (bakhar) tablets of plant parts and rice powder |
Total time across the recorded steps: 10 days – 13 days
What changes: Plant powder and rice flour are shaped into tablets and left on straw to turn into starter
Powdered roots, bark and other plant parts are mixed with rice powder and water to a dough, rounded into tablets and spread over beds of straw with a final thin layer of straw on top. Output: dry ranu (bakhar) tablets.
Microbes at work in this step
Not documented for this step.
Measured measured in a studySet fixed by a specification or tested recipeReported one source reports itTypical a general value, not sourced for this fermentUnconfirmed not yet checked against a source
Handia is a mild rice beer of the tribal communities of eastern India. Boiled rice is dried on a mat, mixed with a herbal starter tablet (ranu or bakhar) and left untouched in a large earthen pot for 3 to 4 days, and the liquid is then sieved off. Lactic acid bacteria and yeasts dominate it, and the drink is low in alcohol, about 0.8–1.4 % in samples sold in Baripada, Odisha. Made in 7 steps over 10 days – 13 days. The longest step, make and dry the ranu tablets, takes 5 days (Panda S.K 2014). Moulds and yeasts, most numerous on day 2 of fermentation and Lactic acid bacteria and Bifidobacterium, rising through fermentation do most of the fermenting.
| Main step | 5 daysReported[panda2014] | Make and dry the ranu tablets |
|---|---|---|
| Acidity | pH 4.3–4.7Measured[panda2014] | Trickle through a bamboo sieve |
Ranu tablets are half plant parts and half rice powder, and the plants differ by place and season. The pot is left untouched until the liquid is sieved off, and the makers say the drink loses quality if it is diluted.
In the Baripada samples no pathogenic bacteria were found on selective media, and the pH was 4.28–4.67 with a low alcohol content (Panda et al.). Lactic acid bacteria make acid, which creates conditions unfavourable for pathogens (Ghosh et al. 2021).
Every number is labelled with how it is known. How this atlas is made
In 1942 Chopra and colleagues wrote that pachwai, handia or mama, a fermented liquor brewed from rice or millet, was drunk chiefly by the aboriginal tribes of Bengal as a stimulant and as a food. Home brewing was permitted only for private use, in a few districts, at the Bandhana and Paush Sankranti festivals. In Bihar it was the universal drink of aboriginal tribes such as the Santals and Bhils of the Chota Nagpur hills. The review adds that Santals, especially the women, object to pachwai bought from a shop.
