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Canestrato di Moliterno PGICanestrato di Moliterno
A hard cheese of 70–90 % ewe milk and 10–30 % goat milk, set with lamb or kid paste rennet at 36–40 °C. The rice-size curd is pressed by hand into rush baskets, salted and dried at the farm for 30–40 days. It then ripens for at least 60 days in the fondaci, cool stone cellars of Moliterno, where the rind is rubbed with olive oil, vinegar or soot water.
raw-milk flora; natural starter or selected local cultures if the milk is thermised
Total time across the recorded steps: 3.4 months – 3.7 months
Start
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What changes:Starting material: ewe milk with a share of goat milk
Step 1 of 8
Collect ewe and goat milk
Time
up to 2 days
Set
Temperature
Not documented
Salt
None given
Acidity
Not documented
Which microbes the steps name, step by step
Lactobacilli
Output: mixed raw or thermised milk.
Flavour
Not documented
Texture
Not documented
Colour
Not documented
Microbes at work in this step
Not documented for this step.
Method
Measured measured in a studySet fixed by a specification or tested recipeReported one source reports itTypical a general value, not sourced for this fermentUnconfirmed not yet checked against a source
At a glance
A hard cheese of 70–90 % ewe milk and 10–30 % goat milk, set with lamb or kid paste rennet at 36–40 °C. The rice-size curd is pressed by hand into rush baskets, salted and dried at the farm for 30–40 days. It then ripens for at least 60 days in the fondaci, cool stone cellars of Moliterno, where the rind is rubbed with olive oil, vinegar or soot water. Made in 8 steps over 3.4 months – 3.7 months. The longest step, ripen in the fondaci of Moliterno, takes at least 2 months (European Commission 2024). Natural starters or selected local cultures, added when the milk has been heat treated and Lactococci, lactobacilli and enterococci do most of the fermenting.
A mixed ewe and goat cheese, unlike the all-ewe Canestrato Pugliese. Its mark is where it ripens, the fondaci of Moliterno, and it is the only canestrato whose rind may be treated with soot water.
Milk
70–90 % whole ewe milk and 10–30 % whole goat milk, raw or thermised
Ripening
At least 60 days; primitivo up to 6 months, stagionato 6–12 months, extra over 12 months
PrimitivoRipened up to 6 months; white paste, yellow rind.
StagionatoRipened more than 6 and up to 12 months.
ExtraRipened more than 12 months.
Safety
Made from raw or thermised milk and ripened at least 60 days. A survey of the ripening shelves and rinds of Pecorino di Filiano and Canestrato di Moliterno together found no Salmonella, Listeria monocytogenes, E. coli or S. aureus. In a challenge test on Gouda and Cheddar, raw milk was deliberately contaminated with a low level of E. coli O157:H7. Counts fell, but it was still detectable by enrichment past 270 days, so 60 days of ageing alone did not eliminate it. ANSES, the French food safety agency, advises pregnant women, young children, people over 65 and people with weak immunity not to eat raw-milk cheeses other than pressed cooked cheeses such as Gruyère or Comté.
The consolidated specification says the people of Moliterno have made curing pecorino a main activity since the 1700s, the date of the first historical records, and that the cheese was exported to America in the past. It quotes Father Daniele Murno, a Franciscan of Moliterno, on long mule caravans that went down from Moliterno to the Ionian coastal lands in winter and spring to collect fresh pecorino, a round trip of four to six days. It also quotes the local scholar Bianculli, who held that cheese cured by Moliterno women moved to the coast did not reach the quality made in the town. In 1906 one exporter on the list of Basilicata exporters shipped about 1,300 quintals of aged cheese. The EU entered the name in the PGI register by Regulation 441/2010 of 21 May 2010, and a standard amendment was approved in 2024.