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Seinsa ngapi (shrimp paste, "ngapi to eat raw")စိမ်းစားငါးပိ
Seinsa ngapi is Myanmar's shrimp paste, the kind good enough to eat raw. Tiny shrimp are sun-dried until half dry, pounded with salt and dried again over three or four days, then packed in jars to ripen for three to four months.
Fully documentedFish and seafood3.1 months – 4.1 months
Recipe
Amounts from a sourceCoastal factory practice as reported for Chaung Wa village (1984); no fixed batch size.
Small shrimp
Acetes and mysids; some makers use small fish or a mix[ir1987][mms1999]
Total time across the recorded steps: 3.1 months – 4.1 months
Start
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What changes:The shrimp are washed and sorted from small fish and shells
Step 1 of 4
Wash and sort the shrimp
Time
Not documented
Temperature
Not documented
Salt
None given
Acidity
Not documented
Which microbes the steps name, step by step
Bacillus
Output: clean shrimp, with small fish and shells picked out.
Flavour
Not documented
Texture
Not documented
Colour
Not documented
Microbes at work in this step
Not documented for this step.
Method
Measured measured in a studySet fixed by a specification or tested recipeReported one source reports itTypical a general value, not sourced for this fermentUnconfirmed not yet checked against a source
At a glance
Seinsa ngapi is Myanmar's shrimp paste, the kind good enough to eat raw. Tiny shrimp are sun-dried until half dry, pounded with salt and dried again over three or four days, then packed in jars to ripen for three to four months. Made in 4 steps over 3.1 months – 4.1 months. The longest step, pack in jars and ripen, takes 3–4 months (Ishige N 1987) and runs at 30 °C (Myint Myint Sein 1999). Salt is 20–25 % (Ishige N 1987). Bacillus (Gram-positive), dominant in the mature paste does most of the fermenting.
Seinsa ngapi is made from tiny sea shrimp, not freshwater fish, and is pounded and dried in rounds before ripening. Mature Myanmar shrimp paste is slightly alkaline, about pH 8.0, unlike most fish and shrimp pastes elsewhere.
Bei seinza and Dawe seinzaThe well-known shrimp pastes of Myeik (Mergui) and Dawei (Tavoy).
Karen Acetes ngapi of the Andaman Islands (India)Made by Karen families of Myanmar origin; drained overnight in a sack between poundings and capped with salt in a drum.
Safety
A 1999 laboratory study made its paste from shrimp washed in distilled water and salted at 20 %. It reports food-poisoning bacteria at their lowest probability limits and toxic metals within allowed limits, and calls the paste acceptable to eat. That was laboratory paste, so the result does not show that market paste is safe. Mature paste is about pH 8, so acid gives no help. Keep it airtight.