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Bikalga is an alkaline condiment from Burkina Faso made from roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) seeds. The seeds are cooked for a long time with alkaline ash leachate and then ferment on their own, mainly with Bacillus bacteria. It is used as a food condiment.
Fully documentedOther
Recipe
No fixed amounts recordedTraditional process with no fixed amounts in the sources read.
Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) seeds
For dawadawan botso the seeds are winnowed and washed so stones sink and empty seeds float away[Ibrahim2011]
Ash leachate
Bikalga is cooked for a long time with alkalinizing ash leachate; dawadawan botso gets it later, when the seeds are pounded[Dini2026][Ibrahim2011]
Starter
spontaneous
Start
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What changes:Starting material: roselle seeds
Step 1 of 3
Start with roselle seeds
Time
Not documented
Temperature
Not documented
Salt
None given
Acidity
Not documented
Which microbes the steps name, step by step
Bacillus
Output: roselle seeds.
Flavour
Not documented
Texture
Not documented
Colour
Not documented
Microbes at work in this step
Not documented for this step.
Method
Measured measured in a studySet fixed by a specification or tested recipeReported one source reports itTypical a general value, not sourced for this fermentUnconfirmed not yet checked against a source
At a glance
Bikalga is an alkaline condiment from Burkina Faso made from roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) seeds. The seeds are cooked for a long time with alkaline ash leachate and then ferment on their own, mainly with Bacillus bacteria. It is used as a food condiment. Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis do most of the fermenting.
Dawadawan botso (north-west Nigeria)Cooked 8–12 h without ash, fermented 2 days in a closed pot, pounded with ash leachate and fermented 1 more day, then sun-dried into balls; see its own entry [Ibrahim2011].
Furundu (Sudan)Made from karkade (roselle) seed; its fermentation is intermediate between sigda and kawal, and it has 270 g/kg crude protein [Elfaki1991].
Mbuja (Cameroon)Roselle-seed condiment of Cameroon; see its own entry.
Safety
Bacillus cereus was among the bacteria isolated from bikalga [Ouoba2008]. In a study of bikalga, soumbala and ntoba mbodi, the Staphylococcus isolates (S. aureus among them) did not make enterotoxins A to D and the toxin genes screened were not found, though some carried antimicrobial resistance genes [Ouoba2019].
Hazards the sources name: Bacillus cereus (among the isolates); Staphylococcus species (S. aureus among those found in bikalga, soumbala and ntoba mbodi; toxin genes not detected).